People often use the words stalking and harassment as if they mean the same thing. Under Washington law, they are different crimes with different rules. Knowing how courts define each one helps you understand your rights and the possible consequences of a criminal charge.
What harassment means under Washington law
In Washington, criminal harassment focuses on threats. A person commits harassment when they knowingly threaten to hurt someone, damage property or kidnap another person. The threat must make the victim reasonably afraid that the person will actually carry it out.
Many people think harassment only involves annoying behavior, but the criminal charge usually requires a clear threat. In most cases, harassment counts as a gross misdemeanor. This charge is more serious than a simple misdemeanor and can lead to nearly a year in jail.
How stalking is different from harassment
Stalking (RCW 9A.46.110) involves a pattern of behavior rather than a single threat. A person commits stalking when they repeatedly follow or watch someone else. The law asks whether the person knew their actions would cause fear.
The key difference is the focus on a course of conduct. This means the person follows the victim to home or work again and again. Stalking is often a gross misdemeanor, but it can become a Class B felony. This happens when a person has a prior conviction or violates a court-ordered protection order.
Why the distinction matters
Stalking and harassment carry different penalties. These cases rely on patterns and intent, so legal guidance matters a great deal. Understanding these differences helps people act early and stay safe.